THE STATE POLICY OF THE RSFSR AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGARDING
THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN 1990–1993 

Efremov Evgeniy Nikolaevich, Candidate of historical sciences, doctorate degree student, sub-department of Russian and foreign history and methods of history teaching, Mordovia State Pedagogical Institute named after M. E. Evsevyev (11 А Studencheskaya street, Saransk, Russia), E-mail: een.pravo@gmail.com 

94(470) «19»: 271.2 

DOI

10.21685/2072-3024-2018-3-7 

Background. The end of the 1980s – early 1990s in the history of Russia is characterized by the liberalization of state-confessional relations, which, in particular, changed the state policy regarding the traditional (for Russia) Orthodoxy and Islam. The most urgent in this period is the consideration of the interaction of the state with the ROC and the Muslim community in 1990–1993, when in the hardest conditions of the collapse of the USSR and political confrontation, the state-legal formation of post-Soviet Russia occurred, culminating in the consolidation of its constitutional system. The purpose of the article is to compare the state-church and state-Islamic policies of the RSFSR and the Russian Federation in 1990–1993.
Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, both unpublished archival documents and published sources were used. The main source for the article was materials from the funds of the State Archives of the Russian Federation (documents of official records management of government bodies and confessional organizations, etc.), which are first introduced into scientific circulation. The research is based on the principle of historicism, comparative-historical and descriptive methods, thanks to which the content side of the research subject was revealed.
Results. The article outlines the main trends in the state policy of the RSFSR and the Russian Federation in relation to the ROC and the Muslim community in 1990–1993. The factors influencing its formation are revealed, the historical characteristics of the processes under consideration in the context of the transition from socialism to democratic transformations in the sphere of state-confessional relations are given.
Conclusions. In 1990–1991, along with the reform of the state apparatus of the RSFSR, the introduction of democratic religious legislation, which allowed the authorities to pursue a policy of social partnership in relation to the ROC and Muslim organizations. The period 1990–1993 characterized by the support of the Russian authorities for the organizational and cultural revival of the ROC and the Muslim community, as well as their involvement in social partnership in resolving interethnic problems in the North Caucasus, political crisis and the collapse of the country, as well as ensuring Russia’s national security as a result of threats from international and domestic radical Islam. 

Key words

state policy, faiths, Orthodoxy, Islam, the Russian Orthodox Church, the Muslim community 

 Download PDF

1. Mitrokhin N. A. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie [New literary review]. 2007, no. 83, pp. 300–349.
2. Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv Rossiyskoy Federatsii (GARF) [State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF)]. F. 10121. Op. 1. D. 27.
3. Korolev A. A., Mel'nichenko O. V. Izvestiya Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. V. G. Belinskogo. Gumanitarnye nauki [Proceedings of Penza State Pedagogical University named after V. G. Belinsky. Humanities]. 2012, no. 27,
pp. 725–731.
4. Efremov E. N. Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov' i rossiyskaya umma: osnovnye napravleniya sotsial'nogo partnerstva i mezhkonfessional'nogo dialoga v postsovetskiy period: monografiya [The Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian Muslim Community: main areas of social partnership and the interconfessional dialogue in the post-Soviet period]. Saransk: Ruzaevskiy pechatnik, 2014, 184 p.
5. Silant'ev R. A. Islam v sovremennoy Rossii: entsiklopediya [Islam in modern Russia: encyclopedia]. Moscow: Algoritm, 2008, 576 p.
6. GARF. F. 10121. Op. 1. D. 65.
7. GARF. F. 10121. Op. 1. D. 140.
8. Martynenko A. V., Nad'kin T. D., Vlasenko D. V. Islam v Respublike Mordoviya: potentsial, problemy, perspektivy: monografiya [Islam in the Republic of Mordovia: potential, problems, prospects: monograph]. Saransk: Mordovskiy gosudarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy in-t im. M. E. Evsev'eva, 2016, 114 p.